To Live by Necessity is to Know True Freedom free essay sample

She depicts he characteristic magnificence of Hollies Pond inside and out, yet in addition portrays the perceptible hints of humankind: brew jars under the shrubs; cruiser tracks woven Into the ground; an expressway that sits toward one side of the lake. She appears to have seen that this momentous bit of shallowness (Dullard 1) has after some time, become corrupted with the hints of mankind. She sees signs of common necessities, however decides to do just that-?notice. She chooses not to humor her notification into turning out to be unessential distractions.Most of humankind conflicts with that grain and acknowledges interruptions to fine them, apprehensive that without them, they might not have a personality. Idiot in truth utilizes her own capacity of decision to not let the hints of humankind shield her from seeing the genuine magnificence of Hollies Pond. Simpleton makes consistent reference to the word wild. She starts her exposition with the expression, A weasel is wild (Dullard 1) and keeps on portraying the importance of wild which in the end makes her craving that trademark. We will compose a custom exposition test on To Live by Necessity is to Know True Freedom or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In any case, her meaning of wild turns out to be increasingly advanced as she further watches the weasel. Before the weasel experience, Dullard assumes that a wild weasel has no ability to read a compass and reason throughout everyday life. In any case, when that long look between the two happens, she comes to understand that individuals are not as free as they seem, by all accounts, to be. This is both an upsetting, yet Inspiring second for Dullard. She Is disturbed that her view of opportunity, isn't letting her live uninhibitedly by any stretch of the imagination, however she is propelled to figure out how to discover and use her recently characterized type of opportunity. She changes her rationale of wild and rather characterizes it as the respect of living without inclination or thought process (Dullard 3). She at last presumes that a wild nature can in actuality be a quiet nature by, yielding, not battling (Dullard 3). Imbecile currently utilizes the word wild with the expectation that It will have a more profound implication to Its significance. She unpretentiously accentuates that one quality of the word wild is drive-?the drive of nature, which thusly, can likewise be characterized as opportunity. Imbecile encourages that to pick up this genuine opportunity, one must, tail [their] calling O find the most delicate and live spot (Dullard 3). Humankind must want to live by need, following impulse. For opportunity isn't achievable without a longing. Yet, it involves the longing joined with decision that Influences the consequence of how one lives openly. Simpleton characterizes what living by need truly implies. She Identifies that humanitys impression of need Is slanted, as hers might have been. Certain interruptions on the planet become normal to people, desensitizing them concerning what genuine opportunity feels like. Interruptions have been acknowledged by humankind to characterize them.Humanity has taken these outside interruptions, which are insignificant to endurance, and has changed them to inner issues and stresses. Society alone has permitted and acknowledged this change, nothing else. Imbecile clarifies not energize the surrender of explanation behind impulse. She just suggests that intuition is reason enough. She writes in her article, l might want to learn, or recollect, how to live (Dullard 2). This expression means that she once, or humankind once realized how to live-?she Just needs to recall what living truly indicates.Dullard recognizes the way that society once realized how to live as the weasel, following up on intuition and yielding each second to the ideal opportunity of single need (Dullard 3). An excessive number of individuals shape, and structure themselves to become what they believe is directly for society measures, when as a general rule, straightforward living in the common state is the cause of genuine opportunity. Living behind shallow dividers is misinformed satisfaction. Genuine joy comes when nature takes control. Being crude people lifts mankind to genuine freedom.Dullard depicts the weasel as being, submissive to sense (Dullard 1), not diverted by its environmental factors. The weasel may see the environmental factors, however he decides to let them have no effect on his activities, Just like Dullard decided not to let the unnatural environmental factors at Hollies Pond have an effect on her. Impulse is a type of exercise. Bonehead makes reference to the weasels conduct expressing that, impulse showed him (Dullard 1). This infers intuition at a certain point, may have been unnatural, however can be educated in the event that we are willing-?it is just a matter of choice.Some people imagine that life is subject to the conditions that make up society. Be that as it may, those people groups observations on life are slanted. It is those environmental factors that are interruptions to humanitys common, shortsighted life that many neglect to live. Nitwit says, l come to Hollies Pond less to figure out how to live as, to be perfectly honest, to forget about it (Dullard 2). Without a doubt, genuine living is accomplished when outside unsettling influences are evacuated. Excessively live by need, is to know genuine opportunity.

porter Essays

doorman Essays doorman Essay doorman Essay As per Porter (1985), the manageability of an organizations upper hand was, right off the bat, reliant on the capacity of an organizations procedures to oppose disintegration by serious exercises and, furthermore, the organizations capacity to envision the development inside the business which it contended in. By techniques, Porter alludes explicitly to the three nonexclusive systems of minimal effort, separation and center which Porter places could be a wellspring of upper hand for the firm. In any case, for the system to ucceed the firm should have a few obstructions that make impersonation of the procedure by contenders troublesome. The development inside the business alludes to changes or difficulties inside the business structure that could render the previously mentioned upper hand ineffectual. What's more, having a serious technique was deficient. It must be converted into a better than expected execution over the long haul a maintainable upper hand. Watchmen conventional procedure network, which features cost authority, separation and center as the three essential decisions for irms, has ruled corporate serious technique throughout the previous 30 years (Pretorius, 2008). As per this model, an organization can pick how it needs to contend, in view of the match between its kind of upper hand and the market target sought after, as the key determinants of decision (Pretorius, 2008). Doormen (Porter, 1998 and Porter, 1985), conventional methodology typology stays one of the most eminent in the key administration writing (Salavou, 2010). A business can augment execution either by endeavoring to be the minimal effort maker in an industry or by ifferentiating its line of items or administrations from those of different organizations; both of these two methodologies can be joined by a focal point of hierarchical endeavors on a given portion of the market. Any association that neglects to settle on a key choice to decide on one of these systems was at risk for being stuck in the center. The association in neglecting to choose, attempts both to be the cost head and differentiator and accomplished not one or the other, and in the process confounded buyers.

Spring Admission Notes #4 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Spring Admission Notes #4 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Admitted applicants for the spring term face a tight time line when it comes to enrolling.   Therefore, I want to provide a bit of insight so that those who are admitted can be prepared to act quickly.   As stated in a previous entry, admission decisions will be published via the online application site in early November.   Applicants will receive an email when an admission decision is ready to view. Admitted applicants will then have until December 3rd to pay a non-refundable enrollment deposit of $1,000.   This deposit acts as a credit toward tuition when applicants enroll.   Orientation for new students will then begin on January 10th and classes will start on January 18th. We will start a Google Group for admitted students as soon as offers go out and include current students for admitted applicants to interact with.   There will also be a welcome page for admitted applicants with important information about the steps that need to be completed prior to arriving on campus. There will be one more entry on the nuts and bolts of spring admission . . . Ill leave it to readers to guess the topic . . .

Maya Angelou Response Essay - 717 Words

A race war between whites and blacks has blighted American history since colonial times. In her essay â€Å"Graduation,† Maya Angelou recollects the experience of her eighth grade graduation in the 1930s to examine the personal growth of humans caught in the adversity of racial discrimination. Through narrative structure, selection of detail, and use of imagery, Angelou encourages young blacks to follow their ambitions with pride, despite what the â€Å"white man† thinks of them. Through her narrative structure, Angelou aspires for young black students to maintain â€Å"Negro† pride and strong ambition. Her essay is built on a foundation of intertwined objective and subjective narration which follows chronological order. It commences with Angelou†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Those who were years removed from their own day of glorious release were anxious to help with preparations.† Children are described as trembling â€Å"with visible anticipation † and the teachers have become â€Å"respectful of the now quiet and aging seniors.† This illustrates the immense pride and unity that is induced by the graduation ceremony. Angelou also provides an elegant self-analysis of her own rank and importance within Stamps. In terms of intellectual ability, it is clear that Angelou is better achieved than the majority, for she stands at nearly the top of her class. In addition, Angelou holds great aspirations for her future; she does not let society’s low expectations keep her from excelling. With imagery, Angelou emphasizes the appearance of the graduates and their reaction to Donleavy’s racism. She transmits this using a variety of techniques; the most common trope being similes. However, Angelou also utilizes other devices such as metaphors and personification. Before the graduation ceremony, Angelou uses visual imagery to vividly accentuate the appearance of her and the other graduates. They are â€Å"the rea l nobility;† Angelou is â€Å"a walking model of all the various styles of fine hand sewing† and â€Å"looks like a sunbeam.† They are all dignifiedly dressed. During the ceremony, Angelou uses imagery to intensify the reaction toShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Interpretation of None the Other, Maya Angelou1508 Words   |  7 Pagesinterpretation of a poem alter the true value of the poem itself? The answer to this question may vary, depending on one’s interpretation. Then again, that response can be used to answer every question this world holds. Dr. Maya Angelou is one of the most renowned and influential voices of our time. Hailed as a global renaissance woman, Dr. Angelou is a celebrated poet, memoirist, novelist, educator, producer, actress, historian, filmmaker, and civil rights activist. As a strong African-American womanRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1159 Words   |  5 PagesI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings, by Maya Angelou is an autobiogra phical coming of age story set in the midst of the racially charged era of the Jim Crow Laws. Angelou’s novel explores the enormously influential first seventeen years of her life, as she struggles to overcome the seemingly insurmountable personal and societal adversities such as rape, race, instability, and insecurity. Angelou’s powerful depictions of the events of her early life immediately immerses her readers in the fact that lifeRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1004 Words   |  5 PagesSings is a book that speaks solely on the upbringing of Maya Angelou, and on the accomplishments, yet struggles that make Maya the woman she is. 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Also how the time period she was born into made her the extraordinaryRead MoreSimilarities Between Alice Walker And Maya Angelou1074 Words   |  5 PagesAlice Walker and Maya Angelou are two contemporary African-American writers. Although almost a generation apart in age, both women display a remarkable similarity in their lives. Each has written about her experiences growing up in the rural South, Ms. Walker through her essays and Ms. Angelou in her autobiographies. Though they share similar backgrounds, each has a unique style that gives the readers, the gift of their exquisite humanity, with all of its frailties and strengths, joys and sorrowsRead MoreI Know Why The Caged Bird Sings1482 Words   |  6 Pages Maya Angelou tells of her life experiences and struggles in her book â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings† that gives us insight about Maya’s life as a young black girl growing up in a time of racism. The novel discusses various forms of oppression that she had to face as well cope with them. Robert A. Gross wrote an analysis for Newsweek about the book and claimed that Angelou’s book is not only an interesting story of her own experience, but also a portrayal of a Southern black communityRead MoreOpression in Maya Angelou’s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings and James McBride’s Color of Water1965 Words   |  8 Pagespeople respond to oppression; they are acceptance of their own doom, non-violent actions and a violent response. Overall, he emphasizes community involvement, worki ng together and dropping racial barriers as the solution to oppression. In Maya Angelou’s I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings and James McBride’s Color of Water, Maya Angelou and Ruth McBride Jordan face similar challenges; Maya Angelou faces segregation and internal oppression and Ruth McBride faces segregation, gender and religious oppressionRead More Maya Angelou Essay1926 Words   |  8 Pagesthe time she was born, Maya Angelou was subjected to racism, rape, grief and dehumanization. She beared enough emotional stress in a time frame that most people dont experience in a lifetime. Yet she prevailed. She forced herself to become stronger. And in doing so, she produced writings, which in turn, helped others to become strong. Her experiences and the lessons learned gave her confidence to be a teacher, a preacher, and an inspiration to millions. Maya Angelou was courageous. BasedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Phenomenal Woman By Maya Angelou2030 Words   |  9 PagesSummary of Phenomenal Woman by Maya Angelou Stanza 1: â€Å"Phenomenal Woman† begins with a attack on stereotypes. She proudly declares that she neither has a hourglass figure, nor a cute face. Her success without essential feminine traits surprises pretty women and they often want to know the secret of her success. She describes her secret saying that it comes from her confidence, the way she stretches her arms, the way she walks, the rhythm of her hips and also the way she smiles. Her entire body isRead More Comparing In Search of Our Mothers Gardens and I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings1145 Words   |  5 PagesIn Search of Our Mothers Gardens and I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings      Ã‚  Ã‚   Alice Walker and Maya Angelou are two contemporary African-American writers.   Although almost a generation apart in age, both women display a remarkable similarity in their lives.   Each has written about her experiences growing up in the rural South, Ms. Walker through her essays and Ms. Angelou in her autobiographies.   Though they share similar backgrounds, each has a unique style which gives to us, the readers

Antonio In The Bless Me Ultima - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 800 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Bless Me Ultima Essay Did you like this example? Life has many twists and turns and some are meant to be a learning experience and help shift our perspective on daily life. When one allows events to shape their life it can be beneficial or detrimental. Betrayal, respect, negligence, and defiance can all have a significant role on the development of ones life, whether someone chooses to believe or be in disbelief truth will always prosper. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Antonio In The Bless Me Ultima" essay for you Create order Narciso, Ultima, and Florence all perish, facing defeat. Antonio young and naive to the world deals with so much misfortune. Death has significance to Antonio and to the afterlife that awaits and the loss of a soul as Narcisos death was not in vain. Narciso chooses to be valiant, courageously facing Tenorio all at once. His actions show him to be an honest man running to protect Ultima from Tenorio when she was defenseless. When confronting Antonios older brother he shows concern for Ultimas safety,and gets declined due to his drunk nature leading to his demise. After Antonio notices that his brother had betrayed Narcisos word, he goes to seek help holding his head down. Now with facing and seeing death through his own eyes he begins to believe there is no good in this world. All the above shows that death of a close friend has affected Antonios value of life. Someones company can come in a great amount of ways, friends, enemies, alies, animals and all can influence oneself in a g ood and bad way, they can do as much as pursue one to believe in themselves. Antonio had a couple of friends when he went to communion, all but one of his many friends seemed abnormal to him, Florence was a boy who usually stayed quiet and was hardly noticed. Florence did not believe in religion therefore did not believe someone would save his soul after he died, not believing in a God while Antonio had been raised in a devout catholic home worried and lead to the distaste in his friends behavior. Florence did believe in something and that was himself ,despite his non belief in practicing religion. When Antonio saw Florence define all others opinions on him, he sought for to acquire that quality for himself. After going one day with friends and witnessing his friend drown and come afloat a river changed Antonio and made him realize that his friend had died without confession and that he would burn in hell. As well made him question himself, why if there is an all knowing god there was still so much evil in the world. He now recognized that one does not need to believe in anything to believe in oneself. Though this event changed Antonio in a detrimental manner he still believes that life is not always good but there is a balance in the uni verse. Death is inevitable in life and at times leaves messages for others to follow, life flourishes across the world and as one grows one learns from it. The elderly live among us and are wise with knowledge and some seek for that knowledge that is shared from old to young. Ultima gives young Antonio a necklace filled with protective herbs as he continues to grow more and more attached to her she begins to look after him more then his mother. Through the time he first welcomed her to his home she took to immediately go and help his uncle Lucas who had been cursed by the trementina sisters saving his life and showed that she has a good heart. The compassion shared between Ultima and Antonio is strong as she teaches him after Tenorios daughter dies that good outweighs evil. Through all the time Ultima spent with Antonio she watched over him through the owl and her spirit embedded inside of it. When Ultimas spirit is killed she begins to slowly die and tells Antonio that she has lived her life and that he needs to destroy all her belongings and does so obediently as he respects her in her final minutes, In the end he never quite understood why everything had to happen the way it did and affected him in a beneficial way. The majority of things that happen to Antonio are during the summer and have seemed to mature him and shape his view on the world. He began to learn that change is sad and inevitable to escape, that it must happen to progress. Antonios father cannot seem to cope with the changes in his own life and still neglects the fact that it is his actions to pursue freedom and inspired his children to make a life of their own and not pursue his dream. Through evil shines Light, and hardships, tribulations, and death are obstacles one mus t overcome in life to do good.

A Discourse of Three Drunkards Free Essays

Emma Luster HIS 282 November 6, 2011 A Discourse by Three Drunkards on Government Nakae Chomin wrote A Discourse by Three Drunkards on Government in 1887. It is a work of debate literature that presents us with multi-dimensional characters with very specific and indefinable beliefs about how Japan should be run. Nakae Chomin studied in France for some time and this certainly must have influenced his thoughts and writings. We will write a custom essay sample on A Discourse of Three Drunkards or any similar topic only for you Order Now In our textbook, Modern East Asia, we learned about many different movements and developments that were going on at the time that this book was written. In terms of political developments, there were a lot of changes going on in Japan. Japanese officials sent forces into Taiwan, which eventually lead to the Chinese suffering a defeat and the samurai still feeling betrayed by the Meiji leaders, which in turn lead to an uprising in Hizen and other areas of Japan. This was the start of the end for the Samurai (Schirokauer, 163). However, despite this rebellion, other leaders praised those in charge of the uprising for their spirit and enthusiasm. There was a great amount of discontent and opposition to the Meiji government at this time and antigovernment groups began to pop up everywhere. It is also notable that political parties began to emerge at this time. Not only were there political developments, but there were also many changes in terms of intellectual progress. Many people in Japan were greatly influenced by Western ideals, specifically in the areas of science and technology (Schirokauer, 168). The Europeans Enlightenment also influenced Japanese intellectuals. To me, it seems as though the intellectual movements were for the most part stimulated by ideas that did not come directly from Japan. With all of these changes, the foreign relations that Japan had with other countries began to change. Relations with Western and European countries grew exponentially for the better. However, relations with other Asian nations were not quit as successful; especially after the rebellions and revolutions. As we learn from the debate, China and Russia are the two countries that stick out as countries that could cause problems for Japan. I think that the author wrote this book at the time that he did because he knew that Japan was stuck and people needed help as to what should happen next. By writing this type of book it gives readers multiple opinions without forcing them to choose one like most authors. He thought that the crisis was that conflicting opinions were not being compromised and no one really wanted to be the one to lead Japan successfully into the future for fear of failure. His concern was the Japan would fall apart and that there would be nothing anyone can do. One of the three characters in the book, Champion, had a very unique view of how Japan should be that was extremely different from that of the Gentleman. The Champion thought that Japan should step it up and become more forceful in its handling of foreign disputes. He thought that if Japan was going to be attacked by another nation, Japan should not be passive and should in fact answer with strength and force. He brings up a good point when he says that Japan could not respond to foreign attacks by trying to verbalize and reason through the problem. Champion is a skeptic when it comes to relations with other nations and thinks that other countries are solely looking out for their own best interests which to me seems to make sense, and that is why Champion believes that Japan needs to take a stand and project its own desires and interests. Another point that I find to be particularly powerful is that Champion tells the Gentleman that just because Japan is adopting Westerns values, it does not mean that these other nations such as France or the United States will aid Japan in a time of need. According to the Champion, war is inevitable and it should not be feared because it will leave Japanese citizens with a sense of pride and pleasure that they have accomplished something that is of great importance. In short, Champion thinks that weakness and passiveness is the problem and that Japan needs to not rely on other countries as much, and should take caution to create a system where Japan can stand on its own. To me, I think that Champion does seem to be realistic in his arguments because he knows that discussion and reasoning will not be effective once a violent attack has already been launched. However, I think that the degree to which militaristic views were pushed is slightly extreme and that Champion should realize that there is some validity to not being so outwardly aggressive. Next, we have the Gentleman, whose argument is the opposite of Champion’s. The Gentleman believes that as the Western world develops, Japan will quickly be left behind in the dark. To prevent this, he argues, Japan should try to keep up with the times and stay as modernized and Westernized as possible to reduce the risk of being left behind. This means that Japan should try to adopt a political system such as democracy, which in turn, attempts to promote pacifism over violence at all costs. Namely, that conflict with the larger and stronger European nations is avoided. These powers are of concern to the Gentleman and he stresses the point that trying to stand against these powers on war would be a foolish decision because if Japan is victimized, they will not be in the wrong for also engaging in violence. In the government, the Gentleman believes that the power should lie in the hands of the people, eliminating the tension that citizens had with the government in previous years. If the citizens felt like they are more involved, perhaps they would have more of a sense of national pride in their homeland. The Gentleman specifically mentions China and Russia as rivals that should be watched closely. In my opinion, I feel as though the Gentleman is too optimistic in his thinking that pacifism is a realistic approach to solving world problems, especially after the development of stronger and more powerful weapons. Despite the fact that he promotes pacifism, I also feel as though the Gentleman’s promotion of his tactics, as well as his hope and desire for an instant change is far too aggressive for something that would be so radically different for the Japanese. His ideas are good in theory, and if they would really work I think it would be the best situation. Lastly, we encounter the mediator of the two other men, Master Nankai. Master Nankai has a clear passion for talking about politics and believes that it is of high importance. Master Nankai takes bits and pieces from both arguments and it seems as though he promotes the best of both worlds. He is clearly a supporter of democracy, but he also realizes that it has its drawbacks. He believes that Japanese officials should not seek out violence but if needed, they should be able to protect their country to the best of their abilities. It is also said that European nations such as, France, Germany, and Russia set the standard for what Japan should strive for. However, as much as it seems as though Master Nankai supported these ideas, he also makes strong statements that he cannot accept either set of beliefs as they stand. Nankai wants the men to try and revise their ideas, and give them time to be tested in the real world before one can be accepted as the whole truth. To him, Master Nankai thinks that a constitutionalism system should be put in place where the emperor still has power but the peace and happiness of the Japanese citizens is still promoted. Now we come to the hard part, deciding where my beliefs lay and which of any of these main characters do I support? I would have to say that I cannot say that I could pick one of the main characters arguments. Both are far too idealistic and would not work in the real world. To me, the perfect situation would be a combination of both Champion and Gentleman’s beliefs. If the Japanese could learn from other countries, and strive for more independence in the world, that can only be beneficial. However, it is important that the Japanese culture is maintained and that precautions are taken so that it can protect itself if need be. In conclusion, we can learn a lot about Meiji Japan from this book that at first did not seem to be strictly informational. The book as a whole focuses on the international relations of Japan with other world powers as well as the future of Meiji Japan. I think it is clear that Japan is at a major crossroad right now where things could take a drastic turn for the worse if the right decision is not made. How to cite A Discourse of Three Drunkards, Essay examples

Project Management Methodologies of Latino Engineering - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Project Management Methodologies of Latino Engineering. Answer: Latino Engineering is medium size company; they are around 300 employees working in the company. The enterprise is known to provide best quality design, development for the equipment they manufacture. Dominic Latino, the founder of the company is known to provide best quality product to the clients and thus the clients have high respect and regard for him. At the age of 65 years, he retires and hands the company to an investor group. Unfortunately, the investor group face various kinds of issues within a year of hand over. That is why they have planned to adopt a project methodology (Verzuh 2015). The PRINCE2 project methodology is going to solve their issues and the techniques via which Latino Engineering can enhance their business activities will be detailed in the essay (Refer to Appendix A). Latino Engineering generally declines due to failure of the management body. They do not have the correct methodology with them. Dominic Latino was not to cater the quality engineering equipment; however, the new management body due to lack of expertise, lack of experience are struggling. The adoption of PRINCE2 project phases can prove fruitful for them. First of all, they must have a proper design plan for the engineering equipment. Latino should consider the workforce as well (Sommer, Dukovska-Popovska and Steger-Jensen 2014). They must cater the responsibility to the entire team of Latino Engineering according to their expertise. The first phase of PRINCE2 signifies the initiation of the project and the initiation of the project involves the design plan of the project and the responsibility divided among the employees according to the skill. The second phase is the direction of the project. The manager and his subordinates must communicate with each other and constantly keep in t ouch with each other. The tasks must be divided into subtasks and then each part must be completed within stipulated deadline, if any mishaps occur then the manager and his subordinates must come to the rescue and solve the issues as soon as possible (Nicholas and Steyn 2017). Thus the first complaint or the first risk that is the manufacturing of defect equipment can be solved. The next complaint or the next issue that arises is poor follow up with the clients. The manager always keeps in touch with the clients. The partial submission should be delivered and it is the responsibility of the manager to take the feedback from the clients and if possible must update the equipment. Also in case of a manufacturing defect in the product they delivered, the manager should be proactive and should repair the product according to the demands of the clients (Martinelli and Milosevic 2016). Another scenario may occur, the client is not happy with the design and type in certain areas of the product, the manager should revert back within twenty-four hours and should solve the problems if possible. The managers should appoint a customer service team who will keep in touch with the clients all throughout day and night. This can ease the management system. All these alterations and modification must be recorded in the form of soft copy and in the form of hard copy as well (K rysi?ski and Miller 2016). The planning and monitoring phase of PRINCE2 illustrates the clients feedback and the project performance proceedings. The planning phase involves working in accordance to the deliverables sent to the clients whereas the monitoring phase involves the feedback from the clients and work accordingly. The third issue is the long turnaround time for issue resolution. The manager should revert back within twenty-four hours with full responsibility. The manager along with his subordinates must process the project and make the rework as per clients demands and should submit it as fast as possible (Vardy 2015). All these rework must be documented in digital format in the form of a soft copy or in the form of hard copy. Thus the issue resolution of the clients can be solved. PRINCE2 initiating phase, planning phase and the monitoring phase can solve the third issue. The initiating phase involves the starting of the project according to the deliverables and the contracts made with the clients (Svejvig and Andersen 2015). The planning involves the fresh working or reworking of the existing equipment as per the deliverables sent to the clients and the clients wishes and demands. The fourth issue is the non-responsive customer service team. The customer service must adopt the IT services and if possible should adopt the cloud technology, the IT services can help them to connect with the clients 24x7 all day and night. The customer service must be educated with the proper equipment knowledge so that they can serve the customers better. The managers, on the other hand, should keep contact with the customer service team; any critical query must be solved by the management team (Srivannaboon and Munkongsujarit 2016). The fifth issue can be solved by appointing the courier service. The courier service can be a third party or it can be Latino Engineerings owned courier team who will take the responsibility to ship the right equipment to the right clients. The courier service should make a list and then deliver all the items according to the list and they must have acted responsibly and should deliver within time. The five major issues that have been addressed withi n last 12 months have been addressed in this essay and the probable solutions to defend those issues will be discussed in details. Latino Engineering has suffered from the defective engineering equipment development. They do not have the right strategy; they do not have the right plan to satisfy the demands and the requirements of the clients of the Latino Engineering. That is why they failed to deliver the best product to the clients (Karaman and Kurt 2015). PRINCE 2 can help them to cater the best plan to initiate and direct the project forward. The pricing for the project must be considered and Latino Engineering must discuss and make deals with the clients. The project or the machinery project's proposals must be well understood, after that analysing the proposals Latino Engineering must send deliverables if the clients are satisfied with the deliverables the Latino employees must initiate the work. Again, they suffer from follow up with clients (Coppola, D'Ambrogio and Gianni 2016). According to PRINCE2, this problem can be mitigated as well. The whole project must be divided into subparts, then each subpart must be assessed and tested and should be cross-checked by the clients of Latino. In this way, Latino's clients can be assured that the project is proceeding well and the project is completely fine with no issues. On the other side, Latino Engineering can be assured they are successful with the project and this can give them the maximum productivity (Seymour and Hussein 2014). Another issue is the deadline issue, the project is not completed within the stipulated deadline, so the deadline should be set at the beginning, and the subparts must be completed properly within the stipulated time. After partial submission, if the customer is not satisfied with the product will definitely complain, previously there was no management body to listen to them and respond to them from time to time, this can be solved by appointing a customer service team within the Latino Engineering company (Alvarez-Dionisi, Turner and Mittra 2016). The customer service team must record the feedback and should forward it to the higher officials. The higher officials must consider the issues and should decide what to do with the issues. They must command the subordinates to take actions if any negative feedback comes. The subordinates then have to revert back to the higher officials and to the clients within twenty-four hours and should rework as soon as possible. The clients can be as sured that their response is heard upon and the priority is being given to their demands and choices (Joslin and Mller 2015). The clients can also be assured that they will get the machinery product within the timeline. Thus the reputation of the company can get increased due to the effort of Latino Engineering. The clients even have complained that they receive the faulty items and the items are not up to the mark. The main reason behind is the lack of communication. The partial submission should be made and the clients' reviews must be taken into consideration after the submission of the partial project. The clients' feedback must be taken from time to time after the partial submission of the project. The customer, if satisfied with the product, Latino Engineering must continue with the work (Turner and Hartley 2016). The customers if not satisfied, Latino Engineering must rework. Therefore, the customers will have to send acknowledgement whether the responses are positive or negative. The positive response will let the managers know that everything is fine and up to the mark, the negative response will let the employees carry on their rework. The employees must have the knowledge on how to conduct the rework and the managers should help them in need. The rework must be done according to t he parameters set by the clients (Cicmil and Gaggiotti 2017). Then after completing the rework, the rework must be sent to the clients for a recheck, if that is ok, the employees must proceed with the remaining task. The other complaint that comes from the clients' end is that wrong item has been shipped to the clients. Latino Engineering should take help from the third party courier service, should appoint the courier service who will ship the items to the right clients at the right time. They can choose another option; they can set a courier service for themselves (Reynolds 2016). The courier service should provide with the correct product along with the correct address. This can check the mishaps regarding shipment of wrong engineering equipment. PRINCE2 project methodology along with its seven phases has the capability to provide continuous improvement to Latino Engineering and this methodology can guarantee that it can check the problems which has incurred within the enterprise (Refer to Appendix B). Latino Engineering must adopt any project methodology for the betterment of the company, the PRINCE2 methodology can prove to be fruitful to the company as PRINCE2 is widely accepted project methodology all over the world. PRINCE2 consists of the following phases via which the Latino Engineerings business activities can be greatly embellished and all their risks can be minimised (Dyb, Dingsyr and Moe 2014). The phases the project methodology contains are starting up a particular project, and then directing the project in a proper way, then the initiation of the project. Later on the planning, the controlling, the monitoring and the closing associated the project must be conducted to get the desired outcome and the better outcom e. The starting up the project signifies that the project must be initiated and business processes must be processed effectively (Basu 2014). In case of Latino engineering, the engineering equipment must be designed according to the demands of the oil and gas industry and according to the wish and demands of the construction industry. Next, the second phase includes proper direction of the project, here in this phase the deadline is set to complete manufacturing of the various parts associated with the project or the machinery part (Hughes et al. 2016). After manufacturing of each part, that part must be tested and the subordinates must convey the message to their managers stating that the part is completely fine (Arnaut, Ferrari and e Souza 2016). The manufacturing of the parts must be completed within the given stipulated deadline. The project must be completed with full efficiency and must not delay. The initiating of the project involves the procedures via which the manufacturing of the machinery parts must be continued. A project Initiating Document (PID) must dictate the contract and terms of reference for the project entirely (Gonzlez-Marcos et al. 2016). The next phase includes the planning, in this planning phase every machinery part must be produced, then they must be tested properly, if it passes the test then the manager should be acknowledged that the machinery part is fine and the project can further proceed. After that comes the controlling phase, the detailed tracking of the documents is done in this phase, the everyday reports must be prepared by Latino Engineering to facilitate the engineering process as well (Eskerod and Huemann 2013). After finishing up a part of a machinery part, the report on the part must be prepared and should be sent to the higher officials, this is a sign of proof the project is going with success. In this way too it can be assured that the project is totally under control and is up to the mark as per the quality is concerned (Francis 2015). This is basically an iterative process. The monitoring phase involves the monitoring, the partial project must be submitted to the clients and they should check if everything is all right or not. The feedback from the clients is absolutely necessary. The positive feedback determines that the work is fine and Latino Engineering can carry on their work further and can complete the work. The negative feedback determines the failure of the project and rework must be done to solve the issues brought by the clients. That means the project will have to be completed and done as per the requirements prescribed by the clients (Brones et al. 2014). The feedback must be acknowledged by the higher officials and the management as this can provide trust to the managers that the project is executing well. The negative feedback signifies that the managers must take charge and manage the same. The authorisation from the Project Board is necessary and they will have to judge and take the decision the proceedings should be made or not. Lastly, the closing phase signifies that the project has been delivered to the clients and the clients will decide that everything is done in accordance with their wish or demands. Their positive feedback and the signoff signifies that the project has been done in time, the project or the machinery part is fine and an acknowledgement must be taken from the clients that they have received the product and they are satisfied with it (Brones et al. 2014). Thus the whole procedure signifies that the project has been executed well according to the clients demands and the clients are happy and satisfied with the product. Thus PRINCE2 must be adopted by Latino Engineering as this can assist them to run the business operations effectively. It can be concluded from the above discourse that the PRINCE2 can bring in significant changes to Latino Engineering. The five major issues that the company has faced have been discussed in the essay. The issues that have been highlighted are the manufacturing of defective engineering parts, poor design and development of the machinery equipment that can prove fatal to the oil and gas industry and the utility industry. Latino Engineering's lack of communication and follow-up with the clients is also one of the major issues that have been raised and the clients are not happy with their service at all. The customer service team and the courier team have also failed to deliver their best. PRINCE2 has widely used project methodology that has the capability to mitigate all the issues raised. By following proper methodology the employees can deliver the top quality products again, the customer service team can serve the clients well. The productivity will be regained as was one year before . References Alvarez-Dionisi, L.E., Turner, R. and Mittra, M., 2016. Globalproject management trends.International Journal of Information TechnologyProject Management (IJITPM),7(3), pp.54-73. Arnaut, B.M., Ferrari, D.B. and e Souza, M.L.D.O., 2016, October. A requirements engineering and management process in concept phase of complex systems. InSystems Engineering (ISSE), 2016 IEEE International Symposium on(pp. 1-6). IEEE. Basu, R., 2014. Managing quality in projects: An empirical study.International journal of project management,32(1), pp.178-187. Brones, F., de Carvalho, M.M. and de Senzi Zancul, E., 2014. Ecodesign in project management: a missing link for the integration of sustainability in product development?.Journal of Cleaner Production,80, pp.106-118. Cicmil, S. and Gaggiotti, H., 2017. Responsible forms of project management education: Theoretical plurality and reflective pedagogies.International Journal of Project Management. Coppola, D., D'Ambrogio, A. and Gianni, D., 2016. Bringing Model-based Systems Engineering Capabilities to Project Management: an Application to PRINCE2. InCIISE(pp. 6-15). Dyb, T., Dingsyr, T. and Moe, N.B., 2014. Agile project management. InSoftware project management in a changing world(pp. 277-300). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Eskerod, P. and Huemann, M., 2013. Sustainable development and project stakeholder management: what standards say.International Journal of Managing Projects in Business,6(1), pp.36-50. Francis, L., 2015.The Influence of Project Management Office on Information Technology Project Success Case of National Microfinance Bank Plc(Doctoral dissertation, The Open University Of Tanzania). Gonzlez-Marcos, A., Alba-Elas, F., Navaridas-Nalda, F. and Ordieres-Mer, J., 2016. Student evaluation of a virtual experience for project management learning: An empirical study for learning improvement.Computers Education,102, pp.172-187. Hughes, D.L., Dwivedi, Y.K., Simintiras, A.C. and Rana, N.P., 2016. Project Management Processes and Practice. InSuccess and Failure of IS/IT Projects(pp. 45-55). Springer International Publishing. Joslin, R. and Mller, R., 2015. Relationships between a project management methodology and project success in different project governance contexts.International Journal of Project Management,33(6), pp.1377-1392. Karaman, E. and Kurt, M., 2015. Comparison of project management methodologies: prince 2 versus PMBOK for it projects.Int. Journal of Applied Sciences and Engineering Research,4(5), pp.657-664. Krysi?ski, M. and Miller, P., 2016. The Role of Conflict in Project Management in the PRINCE2 Methodology.Ekonomika i Organizacja Przedsi?biorstwa, (6), pp.3-12. Martinelli, R.J. and Milosevic, D.Z., 2016.Project management toolbox: tools and techniques for the practicing project manager. John Wiley Sons. Nicholas, J.M. and Steyn, H., 2017.Project management for engineering, business and technology. Taylor Francis. Reynolds, D., 2016. Are Project Managers Getting Better?.ITNOW,58(4), pp.10-11. Seymour, T. and Hussein, S., 2014. The history of project management.International Journal of Management Information Systems (Online),18(4), p.233. Sommer, A.F., Dukovska-Popovska, I. and Steger-Jensen, K., 2014. Barriers towards integrated product developmentChallenges from a holistic project management perspective.International Journal of Project Management,32(6), pp.970-982. Srivannaboon, S. and Munkongsujarit, S., 2016, September. Project management and project portfolio management in open innovation: Literature review. InManagement of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), 2016 Portland International Conference on(pp. 2002-2007). IEEE. Svejvig, P. and Andersen, P., 2015. Rethinking project management: A structured literature review with a critical look at the brave new world.International Journal of Project Management,33(2), pp.278-290. Turner, N. and Hartley, P., 2016. Managing and leading projects and project teams.Advancing Practice in Academic Development, p.225. Vardy, A., 2015. Prince2 Project Management For Beginners: The Ultimate Beginners Crash Course To Learn Prince2 Project Management Quickly And Easily. Verzuh, E., 2015.The fast forward MBA in project management. John Wiley Sons.

Globalization in the Music industry free essay sample

The music industry has been around for over two centuries (PBS). Its volatility can be measured by its ability to shift and change according to its time period, the technologies that arise through the ages and the publics shift in musical taste. The music industry is comprised of many different components, organizations and individuals that operate within it. Some of these components include the artists who compose the music themselves, the producers that engineer the sounds created by he artists, the companies that handle distribution and promotion of the recorded music, the broadcasters of the music such as radio stations, and professionals who assist the artists to further and better their livelihoods, such as lawyers and managers. All of these components work in cohesion to compose what is the larger Industry of music. In order to fully understand how the music industry has survived and changed In the face of obstacles. We will write a custom essay sample on Globalization in the Music industry or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page En must look at Its short history. The music industry only really started to emerge in the 19th century when sheet music began to e printed and distributed. People did not listen to recorded music until 1877 when music and play the music for themselves. Over the next century technologies were invented that streamlined the recording and listening of music such as creation of records, Jukeboxes and the household radio. Mass production techniques were invented at the turn of the century that allowed music listening to become a regular past time, which propelled the profits of the music industry.Household music listening soon became adopted worldwide and thus shaped the industry that we now today. Globalization has both benefited and plagued the modern music industry. It has allowed for the worldwide spread of music globally through technological breakthroughs such as radio and more modern technologies such as digital distribution. Contrary to this, these modern technologies have also led to some of the greatest downfalls of the music industry, almost crippling it permanently. Recording labels have been forced to completely remodel theyre respective business models in order to adapt to the advent of the digital music era.The sector has infinite from globalization in more than one way. For instance, these days, it is so easy to find share and listen to music, anyone with a computer can have access to listen and buy music. Also because of the rise of the Internet, artists arent confined to national boundaries. Music these days transcends borders (Bloomberg). In the case of Justine Bibber, a Canadian whose music is recognized and accepted widely by the youth of the world, has fans spreading continents all because listening to his music Just requires looking up a song name on Youth.The rise of digital genealogy and the Internet allows for the industry to bring together the world by finding commonalities in musical taste with mass positive reception for an artist and the music he or she creates. No matter if a person is from Egypt or Thailand, that person can access and enjoy the music of any artist he or she desires. Although the music industry has benefited from globalization, most of its pitfalls have arisen from the same source that is globalization. The rise of digital technology and the Internet has bankrupt many of the music industries biggest names.A prime example of this is rout ordered liquidation of Richard Abrasions 26 Virgin Megastars closings in France due to the rise of online music retailing such as Apples tunes music store, which led to Virgin Frances bankruptcy in 2013 (BBS). Another fatal blow to the music industries crippled foundation was the rise of online piracy. As easy as it is to go online and buy or stream music, it is Just as easy to steal it. There are thousands of websites dedicated to music piracy.Although music piracy has been on the decline in the past couple years, still about 11 percent of people using the Internet admit to downloading music illegally (Bloomberg). Over the past decade, the use of CDC has been replaced with online streaming and retailing. This has eliminated much of the record companies revenues as they were used to making most of their profit off of distribution and promotion of physical copies of artists albums (Mien). This has caused for a major shift and remodeling of major players in the music industries business models.Companies such Sony, Warner Music Group and Universal Music Group have started to completely rethink the way they conduct business (Forbes). In the past record labels were not only responsible for production, distribution and promotion of an artist and his/her music, but they also acted as a bank (Forbes), funding the artists tours and recording sessions. Recently, these music What this means is that they are less occupied with the unity gritty, and more focused on what they do best which is distribution and promotion. This also allows for more freedom of creativity for the artist as well as fairer split of profits (Forbes).This adaptation of new business models clearly shows the versatility of t he music industry n adapting to new times and technologies. One can only speculate the future of the music industry. As aforementioned, the music industry is in constant flux, changing shape and adapting to new trends and innovations. If the music industry can survive the blows dealt by the rise of the digital era, than in my opinion, it can withstand whatever test time delivers. Hopefully, as the future of music and globalization proceeds, we will see a convergence between the music industry, artists and consumers that will benefit all parties.Globalization has the power to ruin industries r propel them to heights unseen. In the case of the music industry, although it has been affected negatively in the past, recent data shows that for the first time in years, the music industry has seen growth due to globalization and the widespread popularity of the artist Adele (Bloomberg). This proves that something positive can be found in every negative experience, especially in regards to globalization and the music industry. Sources: Line, Change-Ye (2014). The Evolution of Tappets Music Industry: Cluster and Network Dynamics in the Innovation Practices of the Music Industry.

Activity Based Costing

Activity Based Costing Introduction Activity based costing (ABC) is a widely adopted accounting practice where the cost of making various products and services are based on the companies’ activities (Panda1999, p. 5).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Activity Based Costing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The costs are specifically allocated to products and services according to the level of consumption of each category but comprehensively, it assigns more indirect costs into direct costs (unlike other conventional accounting practices) (Armstrong 2006, p. 363). The major benefit associated with this accounting technique (ABC) is that a company can be able to specifically know which products and services take up most costs and which are overpriced and less profitable so that a required remedy is developed. Activity based costing basically works by allocating the overall resource costs according to the activities commensurate with the m to the final products and services that are produced by a given company (Armstrong 2006, p. 363). In a more general sense, the technique is basically used to understand a company’s profitability in relation to the costs incurred when producing various goods and services. In this regard, it is important to note that activity based costing has been widely adopted by many organization because it aids in decision-making processes that touch on pricing, outsourcing, identification, and the actual benchmarking of the standards of production of goods and services (Panda1999, p. 5). However, in as much as the activity based costing technique has been beneficial to many organizations; many are also finding it very difficult to implement it. This trend has seen a number of organizations in emerging economies face a number of challenges adopting the technique, despite evidence of incredible success of its implementation in other parts of the world existent in many literature excerpts. Significant challenges have been recorded in areas touching on acceptability, augmentation (with other computer systems in the organization), ensuring the system is of value to the company and its environment (among other challenges) (Liu and Pan 2007).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This study will critically analyze the experiences and challenges of such companies in implementing ABC and how many of them have been able to succeed with this process, while others have openly failed. This will be done through an analysis of two companies (XU JI Electrical Company Limited and Global Electronics Inc) operating in emerging markets. XU JI Electrical Company Limited Though activity based costing has been widely adopted in the Western world, there is still increased skepticism among many companies operating in developing economies of its effectiveness. Such is the situa tion observed in China (Liu and Pan 2007). In fact, Hu (2001) explains that the implementation of Activity based costing in China is still at the theoretical level. This situation can be evidenced in the case of XU JI Electrical Company Limited which is based in China. The company is basically an electronics company that manufactures electronic goods used in the development of public infrastructures like rail. Activity based costing technique was introduced in the company in the year 2001 when there was a strong need to devise methods on how to tackle increased competition in the industry and to employ more efficient accounting techniques for better performance. The initial system was particularly based on the labor-hour absorption rate where costs were allocated across production lines. This system was largely inefficient because it inhibited the company from pursuing competitive pricing strategies. Activity based costing was therefore introduced in the early months of the year 200 9 under the First product department where the main objective for implementing the costing technique was to establish accurate product costing information for purposes of cost control (Liu and Pan 2007). In the implementation of the activity based costing technique, the services of an implementation team was sought, where their primary mandate was to train the existing employees on how to use the system and to build an ABC conceptual model. The latter task was effectively carried out, except for the general administrative and finance expenditures which contributed an overwhelming expenditure of approximately 77% of the entire cost budget. Due to the fact that there was an increased organization structure inhibition, the implementation team decided to develop the ABC conceptual model on the number of employees evidenced in each given activity (as a temporary measure) (Liu and Pan 2007).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Activity Based Costing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More From this analysis, we can see that the company’s operations in China’s fast-paced business environment posed a challenge in the overall implementation of the ABC model because it was difficult to maintain it on an up-to-date level. In fact, similar research studies point out that many more companies face the same challenges especially in identifying a good cost driver for the application of ABC because some of these cost drivers become obsolete after a given period of time (Liu and Pan 2007). Liu and Pan (2007) further explain that the same situation has been evidenced in a number of Western economies where many companies have had to abandon their ABC implementation processes because of the volatility of the economy. After basing the model on the number of employees, the Activity based costing model had to be computerized where a specific Chinese software was identified for this purpose. However, during the imp lementation process, the lack of experience in dealing with such software augmentation led the company into significant conceptual errors that almost grounded the activities of Activity Based Costing implementation process. The company therefore had to seek the guidance of the activity based costing implementation team manager to asses the situation and provide possible remedies. The team manager did so, and after determining the company’s rationale, the project went on smoothly. The company was therefore able to produce monthly Activity based costing reports but there was a significant challenge in augmenting the ABC software with other computer softwares that were in existence before it. From this analysis, we can see that there is a strong need for technical expertise in the product implementation stage of ABC implementation to tackle functionality and compatibility issues. This fact is also supported by Baker (1998, p. 257) who affirms that the input of technical expertis e is vital in the overall successful implementation of ABC. The technical expertise evidenced in the above scenario was characteristic of the team manager’s input in salvaging the situation (ABC implementation). As regards functionality and compatibility issues, it should be understood that the incompatibility of the ABC system and other computer systems was likely to pose a problem for other staff members in the organization (like in the warehouse division or the finance department) because there normally are instances of increased workloads where the officers have to double-check data added by the frontline managers into the ABC system.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In making the employees and staff receptive to the new ABC system, XU JI Electrical Company Limited decided to adopt the formal feedback session technique (Liu and Pan 2007). This technique was successfully used to show employees the benefits of the system; a process which ultimately led to a lot of satisfaction among the company staff. However, some sense of resentment was observed from the front-line managers who pointed out the demanding nature of inputting data into the system as their biggest cause of concern regarding the system. Nonetheless, after subsequent meetings, there was a growing level of understanding among the managers. A link between ABC implementation and performance measures was identified to be the biggest cause for concern when analyzed in terms of future implementation considerations of the project which was considered to be a future agenda for discussion. From this analysis, we can see that the inclusion of the bottom-level and top-level employees in the impl ementation process was critical to the acceptance of the costing technique. Though there were significant objections coming from front-line managers, there were subsequent discussions aimed at seeking employee buy-in that brought the managers onboard. This analysis shows that constant communication between all stakeholders in the organization is likely to improve the probability that changes will be accommodated in the organization. Global Electronics Inc Global electronics Inc is a company specialized in making power semiconductors for signal processing and power control applications and many of its products are also used in braking antilock systems, airbag systems, computer keyboards, modems and the likes. During the end of the year 1999, the company had experienced a significant dip in sales that caused a lot of tension within the company (as regards the long-term prospects of the company’s sustainability) (Juras 2003, p. 1). To remedy this situation, the company decided t o employ the activity based costing system to uphold the company’s efficiency. In a general sense, the company experienced significant success in implementing the ABC system because its new manager, Chris Richards, had a good background in ABC. This was the first step that could be learnt from the company’s experience in implementing ABC because the company’s new manager brought a lot of technical expertise that could be used in implementing the ABC model. In a more general sense, this analysis shows that importing beneficial technical expertise is a positive move towards ensuring smooth implementation of ABC. It is also important to note that having someone with a significant experience about the implementation of ABC, spearheading the process, is also a good move for the company. It was also observed that the education about the new model (ABC) and the task of wrapping management’s thoughts around the new model was still attributed to him (Chris Richard s, the new manager). Basically, management’s buy-in could be attributed to his influence. This analysis is important to organizations that experience problems getting management to adopt to new changes in the organization. More essentially, it is important to note that having someone with considerable experience regarding ABC, in the managerial team is a plus towards getting the overall managerial team to accept changes in the organization. Another reason for the smooth implementation of the model was attributed to the company’s operating capacity. The company‘s director of manufacturing (cited in Juras 2003, p. 2) affirmed that: â€Å"The number one thing we had going for us was an urgency factor. I truly believe people would not have given us the time of day with respect to ABC if we were making 10 percent return on sales. Having operating losses of $100 million causes people to listen†. Moreover, in successfully implementing the ABC model, a steering co mmittee which encompassed most members of all the company’s departments was quickly formed. The members came from finance committees, product engineering, operations management, and other functional teams of the organization, but extra assistance was also sought from external organizations to enable the company effectively implement the ABC model (Juras 2003, p. 2). The move to include members from various departments of the organization ensured that the steering committee was holistic, in terms of member contribution because all the departmental members represented most functional areas of the organization. It is also important to note the input of the steering committee in the implementation of the ABC model because it played a vital role in the entire process. The steering committee basically went ahead to define the tasks of each company plant department, assign the resource costs to the specific activities, and determine the activity drivers, among other technical areas of the ABC implementation model (it is important to note that all functional managers of the organization gave support to the steering committee) (Juras 2003, p. 1). From this analysis, we can see that having a steering committee was quite vital to the successful implementation of the ABC model, considering the above tasks are key in the design stage of implementing the ABC model (Salvendy 2001, p. 2319). It is therefore vital for organizations that have a problem going past the design stage of the ABC model to have a steering committee that specializes on moderating the tasks to be covered at this stage. It was also confirmed by Global Electronics’ manager that setting short-term goals during the implementation of the ABC model was essential in ensuring the process implementation process was smooth (Juras 2003, p. 3). The short-term goals set for the implementation of the ABC model was meant to improve the product cost accuracy and optimize the company’s product mix. A long-term objective was also established, and it was meant to transit the company into a long-term activity based costing management criterion. This is also another pointer that can be borrowed by organizations which have a problem implementing the ABC model because quite a number fail to understand the short-term and long-term goals of implementing ABC in the first place. Having clearly set short-term and long-term goals is therefore vital to the overall implementation of the ABC model because it steers the organization into the right direction during implementation. Integrating the new ABC model with other existent systems was also a tricky affair for the company, but it successfully managed to undertake the ABC model in an offline manner where the system was managed separately from the previously existing labor-based standard costing system. In the same manner, the new model was also managed separately from the financial reporting system. However, it was quite tricky for the co mpany to maintain the offline system because there were issues of employee behavior, and other issues arising from previous negative experiences learnt from the PUC process that the company engaged in. Part of this problem was summarized by Juras (2003) that: â€Å"The problem with a non integrated approach, even though it is certainly a lot simpler and less risky, is how do you affect behavior?For example, you cant run the marketing organization based upon achieving some desired gross margin when they are relying upon bogus costs to push the stuff that you dont want them to be pushing.But, how do you motivate these people to go after the right set of products if youve got a bunch of accountants sitting over here who have knowledge derived from some offline system that nobody else is aware of?† (p. 3). This experience showed that despite the fact that the company had a remedy to solve the problem of implementing the ABC model; it still experienced significant challenges in su staining the strategy for long. The biggest cause for this problem can be attributed to the fact that the organization failed to include the behavioral aspect of implementing this strategy. From this analysis therefore, we can observe that the failure to include the behavioral considerations of implementing the ABC model in the organization can eventually render the whole strategy useless. Comprehensively, the ABC implementation process went on as planned and fell within a nine-month schedule, but this smooth transition could be attributed to including activities within the cost model that bore a strong influence to strategic product pricing and mix decisions (Juras 2003, p. 3). The inclusion of a centralized project team also contributed a lot to the coordination of activities that were done in the implementation process. This team was quite crucial in ensuring a sense of consistency was observed within all plants. It is also identified that the top-bottom approach of implementing the ABC model was deemed appropriate because such a model was basically aimed at making lower-level employees understand the benefits of the ABC model. Moreover, it was identified that the ABC model was essentially hatched at the company’s headquarters and it was the duty of management to push the idea down to lower-level managers and employees (regardless of their personal decisions) (Juras 2003, p. 3). Interestingly, the move by the company’s project team to educate the plant manager was criticized by the company’s manager as ineffective because of the assertion that: â€Å"When we went to the plants to do training, it was like a whirlwind tour; we just showed them some charts and said, now sit down and we are going to ask you some questions.I dont think we put ourselves in our internal customers shoes. We paid very little attention to their constructive concerns or their need to truly understand ABC†. Conclusion This study points out the challenges and successes of implementing ABC by two companies operating in emerging markets. Comprehensively, we see that firms in emerging markets have a significant problem in accepting ABC because it is not a previously implemented model. Having a steering committee and seeking the services of an external agency (with a significant experience in ABC implementation) is a good strategy to making existing managerial teams accept changes. We have also seen that there is a significant challenge experienced by the companies in augmenting ABC with previously existing computer applications, and comprehensively, we see that seeking technical expertise in doing so is a good move towards ensuring there is a smooth transition into ABC, without causing any operational hitches. Also, we see that having clearly set goals is an important tool to steer the implementation of the ABC model in the right direction. This observation is critical, in the sense that, many organizations have been identified to abandon ABC implementation because they do not have a clear understanding of the importance of implementing the ABC model in the first place. In a general sense, we can see that adopting a top-bottom implementation strategy is also important in ensuring the ABC mode is implemented effectively. Burke (2006) affirms this fact and implies that the top-bottom implementation strategy is important because the decision to implement an ABC model is normally undertaken at the company’s headquarters and many organizations expect managers to ensure employee buy-in, to make the transition a success. Conclusively, we can say that organizations operating in emerging markets experience challenges of transitioning from old accounting models to ABC and therefore, tactical strategies need to be adopted to ensure there is a smooth transition from old accounting models into new models. References Armstrong, M. (2006) A Handbook Of Management Techniques: A Comprehensive  Guide To Achieving Managerial E xcellence And Improved Decision Making. London, Kogan Page Publishers. Baker, J. (1998) Activity-Based Costing and Activity-Based Management for Health  Care. London, Jones Bartlett Learning. Burke, L. (2006) CIMA Learning System 2007 Management Accounting Decision  Management. London, Butterworth-Heinemann. Hu, Y.M. (2001) The spontaneous formation and development of ABC, ABM in Chinese Organization. Accounting Research (China), 3, 33–38. Juras, E. (2003) Global Electronics, Inc.: ABC Implementation and the Change  Management Process. (Online) Web. Liu, L.Y.J. and Pan, F. (2007) The implementation of Activity Based Costing in China: An innovation action research approach. The British Accounting Review, 39, 249 264. Panda, N. (1999) Activity Based Costing For Indian Industries. New Delhi, Mittal Publications. Salvendy, G. (2001) Handbook of Industrial Engineering: Technology and Operations  Management. London, Wiley-IEEE.

Realism and Hans Morgenthau in International Relations Essay

Realism and Hans Morgenthau in International Relations - Essay Example The former is most likely the case to occur when changes have occurred in the society structure as to require the reconstruction of the political constitution. Construction of solid political institutions requires the involvement of realism which must draw a clear line between wishful thinking and truth. Political realism2,3 is a study and practise of politics that contends that all nations are guided by their personal interests which are claimed to be their benefit and are disguised as moral concerns. A rational theory which clearly states what are these rational concerns that imprint a nation's need is necessary and requires thinking of the actual needs of a nation rather than what such a nation would like to see achieved. Such objectives of a nation follow a generic model that may apply for thousands of years and the same "moral" concerns that fall under the disguise of personal interest have found applicability since the ancient times. These fall under the territorial security of a nation primarily which once it has been secured the nation might contend the territory expansion for the establishment of a nation's security. Other than territorial expansion purpose of the personal interests a nation might pursue and disguise under morality is the accumulation of power. One however, should not see such claim... Even though international politics call for a clear distinction between personal concern and preservation of one's identity it may not always be the case that such distinction is probable. Morgenthau performs a system level analysis of political realism; he identifies the dependent and independent variables of the system, how these operate within the system and the effects they have on the system functionality. In this case the dependant variable is the foreign policy that states need to follow taking into consideration properties of the problem at hand, alternative solutions and the impact these may have on the involved parties. The independent variables are the drive of the initiative taking party that may be hidden under the disguise of state, or country, rights preservation or moral principles. The question here is what are the rights a country is entitled to as to take any kind of initiative on foreign policy as to proceed to battle and to what extend is one entitled to take any kind of initiative based on these rights or moral conflicts. The danger-action relation is perpetual circular; once danger is identified action is taken and such action breeds changes that keep the danger hint alive. The point here is the criteria to set as to separate rational from irrational behavior; who is to make such distinctions free of bias and finally what behaviour makes moral or amoral perception as to justify any kind of foreign policy initiative with the side-effects that might have. For danger to initiate action and the other way around the one does not necessary call for the other; just a hint is adequate basis for anyone to claim that certain clues call for immediate action. The author claims

Culture& work in the modern world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Culture& work in the modern world - Essay Example In the book The Lonely Londoners by Samuel Selvon, a story of West Indian migrants is told where the issues of acculturation are explored. Coming to London is seen as a move towards opportunity. One of the people in the book, Moses, holds a transitional role for the other from his culture. He helps migrants from West India as they try to learn how to function within their new environment. Selvon states â€Å"And so like a welfare officer, Moses scattered the boys around London† (25). The purpose of spreading them throughout the city was so that acculturation could be better achieved and so they would not congregate in such a way as to create an ethno-centric population that could cause problems in relationships between the many cultures that are in London. Moses has described this world of London for its varieties of cultures as it â€Å"divide up in little worlds, and you stay in the world where you belong to and you don't know anything about what happening in the other ones except what you read in the papers† (Selvon 60). ... Through the opportunities that exist in a large city within a successful, Western country, an attraction occurs to those who live in places that do not have the same level of opportunity. After World War II, the colonized nations under British rule who had sent men to fight the war found an opportunity waiting for them at the end of the service as they discovered that Britain considered the people to be citizens of their society, thus allowing them to freely move to London, if that is what they wished. Jamaica, a country that has seen a great deal of hardship, found that many of her citizens were willing to move to England to take advantage of whatever opportunities they could find there. The novel, Small Island by Andrea Levy follows the lives of four people as they navigate issues of multi-ethnic acculturation during the aftermath of World War II. The nature of a city in which the many different culture collide, changing one another and developing something new in each incarnation is explored through the tales of four people who intersect during that time period. Queenie, a character from the book by Levy, begins the story with a tale from her childhood. She states â€Å"I thought I’d been to Africa† (Levy 1). This story that she relates as it reveals an episode in her life where there had been an exhibition within Britain that provided for the recreation of the countries of the world so that as you turned each corner you felt you were experiencing another culture. She thought she had actually been to Africa, the nature of the culture impacting her in such a way as she read it as a state of existence rather than as a geographic place. This understanding of how a culture is not a geographic location

The Book Of Isaiah Theology Religion Essay

The Book Of Isaiah Theology Religion Essay The book of Isaiah can be divided into 2 sections; the judgment and the comfort. The first thirty nine chapters are about judgment and the rest is comfort. The book of Isaiah is about the prophet Isaiah and the visions he saw regarding Judah and Jerusalem. Isaiah was mainly called upon by God to prophesy to the people of the kingdom of Judah. Judah was experiencing some difficult times and was on the verge of being destroyed by Egypt and Assyria, but God showed them mercy and spared their life. The book of Isaiah paints a picture of Gods forthcoming judgment. The mighty man will become tinder and his work a spark; both will turn together, with no one to quench the fire (Isaiah 1:31), this shows how powerful Gods judgment is; it is going to come blazing down like a forest fire. The book of Isaiah also mentions that Isaiah also recognizes that our God is merciful, compassionate and gracious. According to the book of Isaiah, the great nation of Israel (Judah and Israel) was deaf as a be etle and blind as a bat when it came to Gods commands. The book of Isaiah, more so than other, emphasizes on Messiah and the salvation that follows him. One day, the Messiah will rule in righteousness and justice, a king will reign in righteousness and rulers will rule with justice (Isaiah 32:1). Peace and safety will be brought by the Messiah; through Him, Israel will be the light house and all the nations will look up to Israel. The book of Isaiah mainly focuses on the kingdom of Messiah on earth; it also says that Gods righteousness is entirely revealed during Messiahs reign. As an ambiguity, the book represents Messiah to be the one to suffer. Christ suffered in his body; arm yourselves also with the same attitude, because whoever suffers in the body is done with sin (1 Peter 4:1), the book of Isaiah also mentions that you can only be healed through his wound. Although God punishes sinners he also comforts them at the time of their trouble, for instance As a mother comforts her child, so will I comfort you (Isaiah 66:13) RESPONSE According to the first verse of the book of Isaiah, it was about the visions of Isaiah. If that was the case who is the author of the book; could it have been, Isaiah? Toward the end of the book, it describes the arrival of the Messiah and all the suffering he has to tolerate in order to wipe our sins clean. In order to fulfill all the prophecies in this book, the sovereign Lord organized every detail down to the crucifixion. All throughout the book of Isaiah, the main themes were the judgment and salvation of the people of Israel. From what I have noticed, the book of Isaiah is mentions a group of angels, called seraphim. It introduces the idea of heaven. The book also mentions Lucifer, an angel of god, the days before became the devil. One of Isaiahs prophecies was one that was truly remarkable; it was the prediction of the Persian king Cyrus and his life, were mentioned long before his birth. Isaiahs calling from god was mainly make the people of Judah and Jerusalem repent, and re turn to god as he is the judge, the jury, and the executioner. According to the book of Isaiah, Isaiahs job as a prophet was to deliver an important message; repent your sins to the God and that Salvation comes not from man but the God almighty. The first chapter in the book of Isaiah, God promises the people two things; the first for the people who are good, and the second for the sinners. Gods promise to the obedient one was you will eat from the best of the land (Isaiah 1:19) and to the disobedient people, you will be devoured by the sword (Isaiah 1:20). If you look at the Isaiahs prophecies; they were basically depictions of the life of Jesus Christ and his ministry. Why was the Northern Kingdom, Israel, being judged upon? What was Israel doing that made God so angry, that He decided to punish them for their sins? Why is the verse, For all this His anger is not turned away, But His hand is stretched out still. (Isaiah 9:12, 17, 21; 10:4) repeated several times in the book of Isa iah? What does it signify? When I first started reading the book of Isaiah, one thing that I noticed is the fact that the book had 66 chapters and the first 39 chapter, the judgment, and the last 27 chapter, the coming of messiah and the salvation. Similarly, the Bible has 66 books divided into 39 books, the Old Testament, and 27 books, the New Testament. Are these numbers related to each other, if so does that symbolize anything? Something that needs to be further analyzed.

Hlta Job Description Essay

To provide support for pupils, the teacher and the school in order to raise standards of achievement for all pupils (e. g. SEN, EAL, GT, all underachieving groups), by utilising advanced levels of knowledge and skills when assisting with planning, monitoring, assessing and managing classes, and to encourage pupils to become independent learners, to provide support for their welfare, and to support the inclusion of pupils in all aspects of school life. MAIN DUTIES Planning 1. Prepare lessons with teachers, participating in all stages of the planning cycle, including in lesson planning, evaluating and adjusting lessons/work plans. . Develop and prepare resources for learning activities in accordance with lesson plans and in response to pupil need. 3. Contribute to the planning of opportunities for pupils to learn in out-of-school contexts in line with school’s policies and procedures. Teaching and Learning 4. Within an agreed system of supervision and within a pre-determined les son framework, teach whole classes. 5. Provide detailed verbal and written feedback on lesson content, pupil responses to learning activities and pupil behaviour, to teachers and pupils. 6. Motivate and progress pupils’ learning by using clearly structured, interesting teaching and learning activities. 7. Be aware of and support difference and ensure all pupils have equal access to opportunities to learn and develop. 8. Promote and support the inclusion of all pupils, including those with specific needs, both in learning activities and within the classroom. 9. Use behaviour management strategies, in line with the school’s policy and procedures, to contribute to a purposeful learning environment and encourage pupils to interact and work co-operatively with others. 0. In accordance with arrangements made by the Headteacher, progress pupils’ learning in a range of classroom settings, including working with individuals, small groups and whole classes where the assigned teacher is not present, in line with regulations and guidance under Section 133 of the Education Act 2002 and STPCD2003. 11. Organise and safely manage the appropriate learning environmen t and resources. 12. Promote and reinforce children’s self esteem and independence and employ strategies to recognise and reward achievement. 3. Assist the classteacher in encouraging acceptance and integration children with special needs, or from different cultures and/or with different first language. 14. Support the role of parents in pupils’ learning and contribute to/lead meetings with parents to provide constructive feedback on pupil progress, achievement and behaviour, maintaining sensitivity and confidentiality at all times. Monitoring and Assessment 15. With teachers evaluate pupils’ progress through a range of assessment activities. 16. Assess pupils’ responses to learning tasks and where appropriate, modify methods to meet individual and/or group needs. 17. Monitor pupils’ participation and progress and provide constructive feedback to pupils in relation to their progress and achievement. 18. Assist in maintaining and analysing records of pupils’ progress. 19. Contribute to programmes of observation and assessment as planned by the teacher and provide reports, evaluations and other information to assist in the provision of appropriate support for specific children. 20. Support the teaching staff with reporting pupils’ progress and achievements at parents meetings which are usually held outside school hours. Behavioural and Pastoral 21. Recognise and challenge any incidents of racism, bullying, harassment, victimisation and any form of abuse of equal opportunities, ensuring compliance with relevant school policies and procedures and making sure the individuals/s involved understand it is unacceptable. 22. Understand and implement school child protection procedures and comply with legal responsibilities. 23. Assist in maintaining good discipline of pupils throughout the school and escort and supervise pupils on planned visits and journeys. 24. Provide support and assistance for children’s pastoral needs, for example, caring for sick, injured or distressed children. 25. Provide physical support and maintain personal equipment used by the children at the school. 26. Foster and maintain constructive and supportive relationships with parents/carers exchanging appropriate information, facilitating their support for their child’s attendance, access and learning, and supporting home to school and community links. 7. Supervise pupils in the playground and before school and on bus duty days and plan/organise play time activities when it is wet playtime. 28. Assist teachers by receiving instructions directly from professional or specialist support staff involved in the children’s education. These may include social workers, health visitors, language support staff, speech therapists, educational psychologists, and physiotherapists. Other 29. Any other duties required by the class teacher, Deputy Headteacher, or the Headteacher, which is within the scope of this post. 0. To work within and encourage the school’s Equal Opportunity policy and contribute to diversity policies and programmes in relation to discriminatory behaviour. 31. To promote the safeguarding of children. 32. To carry out the duties and responsibilities of the post, in accordance with the school’s Health and Safety Policy and relevant Health and Safety Guidance and Legislation. 33. To use information technology systems as required to carry out the duties of the post in the most efficient and effective manner.

Cebu Pacific Paper

Case Context Cebu Pacific Air owned by the Gokongwei family and established in 1988, is the provider of most domestic flights in the Philippines. In 2000, Cebu Pacific Air was able to go international and expanded operations to Asia-Pacific countries. It owns 45% of the market share, and is among the top 5 in growth in terms of passengers carried and served. The airline company is known for its promo fares, where one can save around 40% to 50%, if flights are booked early. For the longest time, Philippine Airlines, Cebu Pacific Air's competitor, dominated the local airline industry. Through the liberalization program, the latter was able to enter the market and gain its share of customers and passengers. In response, PAL adjusted its prices to compete with the others, and focused its strategies on cheaper last-minute bookings. Cebu Pacific Air gives importance to customer value, and addresses it by providing hassle-free online reservations, on-time flights, comfortable flying experience, etc. Named as the â€Å"World's Number One Airline† by an e-newsletter, the airline has been growing and has continued to make its mark in the Philippine airline industry. Its emphasis on the importance of the customers has helped Cebu Pacific Air to be successful in proving that it is indeed one of the top airlines in the country. Macro Environment Prior to the Philippine aviation industry liberalization in 1995 under Executive Order 219, state-owned Philippine Airlines enjoyed virtual monopoly with the country's adopted policy of ‘one country, one airline' imposed during President Marcos’ administration. The industry remained uncontested between 1973 and 1994 compelling the government to regulate fares to prevent PAL from engaging in monopoly pricing. In the years following liberalization, the domestic airline industry has attracted as many as five entrants but this has dwindled to three. Currently, the Philippine aviation market is mainly served by Cebu Pacific Air (CEB), Philippine Airlines (PAL), Airphil Express (APX) and ZestAir. As of August 2011, CEB is the market leader and holds 45 % domestic market share, followed by PAL with 22%,   APX with 19% and ZestAir with 12%. Seair also takes a small part of this market such as by serving flights to Batanes. The impact of liberalization on the domestic industry is mixed. Departure frequency increased in the most profitable markets, while smaller communities either lost service altogether or experienced sizeable declines in departure frequency and capacity. Furthermore, some markets served by a single airline have relatively higher fares. In the recent economic crisis, many foreign countries and the rest of the world were affected. The Philippines, however, was not greatly hit by this recession. Even though we fared better than the others, it cannot be denied that we were still affected. Many multinational companies shut down their operations in the country, such as Intel and Goodyear. Also, many overseas Filipino workers from the United States, United Kingdom and the Middle East were forced to leave these countries with no promise of return. It also affected the Philippine Stock Exchange since it closely followed other stock exchanges from around the world, particularly NYSE. All of these resulted in great fears among the citizens. Filipinos are now more frugal and conservative in their spending habits. The economy experienced dwindling demands of different products, which resulted to more production cuts, succeeding layoffs, and more layoffs. Filipinos started looking for products and services that would provide more value to their hard-earned money. As people are now starting to go back to the basics, leaving the extravagant lifestyle behind, companies now face the problem of losing their customers, even their loyal ones. Thus, many of them started offering products that would exemplify true value for money. More so, discounts and promos have boomed. Cebu Pacific was no exception to this scheme. As many people considered air travel as something they could live without, the industry faced a bigger problem of attracting customers. The â€Å"Piso Fare† that they launched in 2005 was already a big help to company. More and more people are choosing Cebu Pacific over other airlines, such as Philippine Airlines. What is important now is for travelers to get to their destinations in the most affordable way possible, and the company was able to offer them a low-cost yet high-quality service that perfectly catered to the needs of their clients. SWOT Analysis Strengths The key strengths of Cebu Pacific are on its strong market positioning, lean cost structure, ability to reap scale efficiencies, healthy brand equity, and balance sheet strength. The heights of Cebu Pacific’s victory over its competitors cannot be attributed to the aggressive low-pricing strategy that it blazed per se. The ability of CEB to identify the objects that are of value to their customers, and extend those perquisites at low cost is of tantamount importance in the airline’s success. Cebu Pacific customers also get their value through the airline’s very convenient online reservation and payment system. This, equipped with the company’s partnership with banking firms as well as servicing companies such as LBC and Rustan’s, as well as its rigorous promotion in social networking sites, allows the customers to access information regarding CEB’s prices and low promo fares and easy payment. Equally valuable is also the management’s employee training which reflects the company’s strong customer-centered, team-based orientation. Weaknesses To allow for its promotional activities such as low-fares in domestic and international travels, Cebu Pacific must also cut some costs on some segments of its operations. Either by cutting some operational costs or personnel costs, this would have an immediate impact to the image that the company is trying to project. With the entry of relatively smaller airline companies in the industry that can afford to compete CEB in low-pricing makes the airline company vulnerable to price wars, and this pressure increases the vulnerability of the airline to maintain its image. Like all airline companies, and especially because of its big operations, Cebu Pacific heavily relies on forecasts of volatile fuel prices to produce sound business decisions and pricing. Lastly, industry commentators are disappointed that the strong brand and marketing platform of Cebu Pacific lacked scale in terms of fleet size. Opportunities The 21% year-on-year international passenger growth on the year 2011 opens a wider door for Cebu Pacific to increase its market share. Offering foreign travels exclusively on selected destinations allows Cebu Pacific a wider market and a more flexible marketing mix. The company’s financial stability, sustained growth, and good brand image allow the financing for more expansion in the products and services they offer which is tantamount to put down competitive pressures from its competitors, both via cost leadership and product differentiation. Cebu Pacific is strategically positioned for this as it has a strong domestic network that is able to offset headwinds to the international network. Reaping the benefits of scale efficiencies may be realized through this expansion. Finally, with its biggest competitor facing internal labor concerns as well as concerns on solvency and liquidity, the airline can choose to increase market share profitably at the expense of this competitors—instead of only positioning to stimulate and grow the market. Threats That low-pricing schemes such as the PisoFares became a trademark for Cebu Pacific is threatening the airline’s brand of acquiring an inferior image against its more expensively priced competitor products. Its customer segment that caters for businessmen and other high-profile class are at the expense of its extensive marketing promotion on cheap fares. Also, the company’s profit margin has been slowly declining as it engages in price competition with relatively smaller airlines such as Air Philippines and Zest Air. While both competitors have been investing for expansion, CEB must stand prepared while pursuing for a higher market share and leadership. Finally Cebu Pacific must strategically position it’s cost-cutting strategies such as outsourcing, as recent moves to outsource some noncore operations of other airlines that has been encouraging from a cost-saving perspective has ensued labor disputes and strikes which showed the insensitivity of such a move. Problem Through tedious research and careful analysis, we have proven that Cebu Pacific exhibits cost leadership as it was able to cut prices to deter the entry of new entrants and at the same time able to offer low prices to powerful buyers. (See Porter’s Generic) Competitors are always on the look as to how they can catch up and perhaps Cebu Pacific may be threatened by competitors copying their low cost strategy. With this, how can Cebu Pacific maintain to be the market leader when time comes that competitors have already adopted their low-cost strategy? Marketing Mix Product Cebu Pacific Air provides its customer both domestic and international flights to fifty two destinations. Company with its slogan it's time everyone flies tries to keep what they have been promised to its customers by offering a wide array of products and high quality of services aside from air fare to keep their customers loyal and to attract new ones. Cebu Pacific Air does not only provide travel through air but it provides tours for both land and water by building tie ups with travel agencies and hotels. This tie ups provides its customer travel packages with hotel rooms at a discounted price, which make all the fun. Furthermore, the flight does not include a meal but they offer a fun shop where the company sells hearty meal, cold sandwiches, savory snacks, quick snacks, cold drinks, and hot drinks which are changed monthly for variety. Branded souvenirs such as stuff toys, watches, bags, etc. can also be purchased via online or inside the plane. Moreover, other services include seat-selector, sport equipment fee, TravelSure insurance, prepaid baggage, rent a car, and buy event tickets. Cebu Pacific Air always keeps on improving its existing products while introducing new products to tailor fit its products to its customers for more satisfaction and to gain customer loyalty. Price As the barriers to entry were lifted, new players can now easily enter the market to serve the domestic routes. Many benefits were gained by these actions, particularly in the reduction of air fare. Cebu Pacific used its pricing systems to gain a competitive advantage in the industry. It continuously strives to offer low prices, yet also continuously maintain the level of service it promises to deliver to its customers. One of the main strategies of Cebu Pacific to attract customers was its low fares offered on a year-round basis, such as its â€Å"Piso Fare† and LiteFares. This made air travel more affordable to Filipino passengers. This move is considered to be a lethal one for its competitors for it captured a big portion of the market. And although competitors soon followed suit, it was already too late and Cebu Pacific had already gotten a strong position in the market. To compensate for such big discounts, flights that are booked closer to the actual date are fully priced, but they are still comparably lower than those of its competitors. For Cebu Pacific, they value the things that matter most to their customers, such as training of their pilots and crews, aircraft maintenance, and on-time reliability, such that passengers will not pay for trivial things, such as paper tickets and free meals. They focus more on the practical and essential matters to be able to offer their services at low prices yet still earn returns on them. Place Cebu Pacific Air has strategically placed most outlets where passengers can book their flights in business centers, near or inside malls, hotels, and airports. These locations are usually where travellers go to, making it easier and more convenient for them instead of going to a place which might be out of their itinerary just to avail of the company’s services. Aside from this, Cebu Pacific Air has been able to ensure access to customers through online booking. With the growth and development of technology, the airline company has been able to capitalize on the convenience and availability of the Internet to easily reach customers. Promotion Low promo fares are the best known strategy that Cebu Pacific uses to gain ompetitive advantage over competitors. Specifically, they offer 1 peso flights not just for destinations in the Philippines, but also in some areas in East Asia such as Singapore and Malaysia. This promotions strategy is the most popular and most common thing that comes to mind when thinking Cebu Pacific Air. Aside from the traditional forms of promotions and above the line advertising, this airline also makes use of new social media platforms through below the line advertising. Cebu Pacific Airlines is the first airline industry in the Philippines to make use of these new technologies. These types of advertising make use of social networks and give more focus to certain niche markets. An example of this type advertising is Cebu Pacific Airlines’ use of Twitter for announcements, ticket promos, and games for chances to win free tickets. Another form of this promotion strategy can be seen through a viral video posted in YouTube of Cebu Pacific’s flight attendants dancing to the beat of the song â€Å"Just Dance† by Lady Gaga. The special dance number was presented to the passengers after the standard safety instructions had been performed and aimed to give passengers a more enjoyable flight experience. Having assessed Cebu Pacific Air’s marketing mix; we can truly say that its success can be attributed to its low price strategy and loyal customers. CEB has employed strategies to make flying accessible to everyone. They have lowered their prices and yet did not forego the quality of their services. CEB has been loyal to its value proposition of providing more for less. CEB knows very well that customers will try out low-priced products but will be turned off if it does not deliver the value/benefit it promises. And no amount of advertisement will change their perception of a product after a bad experience, even if you have the lowest price in the market. And so, CEB has never been lax in maintaining the other component of their marketing mix besides price as competitive as possible to always satisfy customers. Recommendation Competition from other low cost carrier airlines continues to saturate the market and poses a threat to Cebu Pacific. To fly higher and up and above this hurdle, we now give you our counterstrategy: Cebu Pacific Air: Juan time, Big time! Juan time, Big time is a full blast strategy that banks on Cebu Pacific Air’s Cost leadership and Filipino oriented service to retain its market leadership in the domestic market and eclipse PAL in the international market. In this full blast move, Cebu Pacific will continue to leverage on its constant seat sales and low pricing while making sure that it delivers true value to its customers. Cebu Pacific always wants to provide exceptional, unrivalled service at notches higher than its competitors. To achieve this, Cebu Pacific needs to fuel this four-fold ‘Juan time, Big time’ strategy to continue to fly high and long in delivering its promise in letting every Juan fly. Fuel 1: Juan with You With Juan with You, we strengthen the customer flying experience to encourage more future flights. We will filipinize the customer flying experience and do this by always being hospitable in our service. Cebu Pacific will not only offer air transport, it will also offer a satisfying, fun, and hospitable flying experience. Doing so will increase the perceived value of the Cebu Pacific Air flying experience. Juan with you will be implemented along with these tactics: 1. First, it will strengthen its customer service arm, and assign an actual active CEB officer in operating its Facebook and twitter pages to more instantaneously answer and attend to customer questions and concerns. This will communicate how Cebu pacific values its every customer. 2. Second, it should make its flight attendants wear Filipiniana attire, especially in international flights. 3. Third, it should structure a hip, dance number around the performance of its in-flight safety guidelines. The last two will easily solve the problem of tedium that may set in after long hours for waiting for the flight’s end. Fuel 2: The Juan Time Cebu pacific will lead in debunking the old Filipino time concept, where late is acceptable, even expected. We will put an emphasis on sticking to only one time, the Juan time, and provide incentives to making its passengers arrive early to allow early boarding. Also, Cebu pacific should train its ersonnel to always be fast and efficient in their execution of their tasks to further expedite checking in. Cebu Pacific should strive to increase its on time performance level and again to improve the value offered to passengers, give customer points for every late flight arrival that customers may use when they also avail of Cebu Pacific’s loyalty card program. Fuel 3: Juan with the World Cebu Pacific has already achieved to become the leading low cost airline in providing domestic flights. Its competitors, however, offer more international destinations. With this, we recommend that Cebu Pacific tap on more international destinations as their consumers would be delighted to know a variety of international destinations to choose from. This way, consumers would choose them among its competitors. Fuel 4: My only Juan Since Cebu Pacific has already managed to become the leading airline. It should now focus on keeping its customers loyal. This they can achieve through mileage programs to acquire points that customers can use in availing other flight add-ons. With this mileage rewards program, customers will be attracted to more to avail of the other services of Cebu Pacific. Thus, this strategy will make Cebu Pacific the top choice and the only choice of every Juan. With this four-fold full blast strategy, Cebu Pacific Air will indeed be able to increase customer perceived value through the perks it offers at the same time retaining its low cost pricing. Thus, despite the threat of competitors adopting their low cost strategy, customers will still choose them over others for they are fully satisfied and truly delighted with CEB’s loyalty of providing more for less to its customers. APPENDIX Bibliography